Breast density is something many women have never heard of, yet it is one of the most common findings on a mammogram. It is increasingly being reported to women around Australia, so it is worth understanding what it means and what, if anything, you need to do.
What is breast density?
Breasts are made up of fatty tissue and fibroglandular tissue (milk glands, ducts and supporting tissue). Breast density describes how much fibroglandular tissue you have compared with fatty tissue, as seen on a mammogram.
Density is usually graded into four categories, from A (mostly fatty) to D (extremely dense). Women in categories C and D are described as having dense breasts. This is very common, affecting around 4 in 10 women having screening mammograms, and it is more common in younger women and those with a lower body weight.
You cannot tell your breast density by how your breasts look or feel. It can only be seen on a mammogram. To see what the different categories look like, view BreastScreen NSW’s breast density examples.
Why does it matter?
Breast density matters for two reasons:
- It can make cancers harder to see. Dense tissue and cancers both appear white on a mammogram, so a small cancer can be hidden.
- It is linked to a higher risk of breast cancer. Women with very dense breasts have a moderately increased risk compared with women with mostly fatty breasts.
Having dense breasts is normal and does not mean you have cancer or will develop it. It is one part of your overall risk, alongside things like age, family history and previous breast conditions.
Will I be told my breast density in Queensland?
In May 2025, BreastScreen Australia updated its position to recommend that women be told their breast density as part of routine screening. Some other states already do this.
BreastScreen Queensland does not yet record or report breast density, but is working towards statewide reporting, expected by 2027. Mammograms done at private radiology practices (for example, when your GP refers you) often include a density grade on the report. If you are unsure, ask us and we can check.
What should I do if I have dense breasts?
- Keep having your regular mammograms. Mammograms still find most breast cancers, including in dense breasts. Free screening is available through BreastScreen Queensland every two years for women aged 50–74, and women aged 40–49 and over 75 are also eligible.
- Talk to your GP about your overall risk. We can look at your breast density together with your family history and other risk factors.
- Discuss whether extra imaging is right for you. For some women, an ultrasound or MRI in addition to a mammogram may be recommended. These tests have benefits and limitations, and may involve out-of-pocket costs, so it is worth talking through your options.
- Know what is normal for you. Whatever your breast density, see your GP promptly if you notice a new lump, thickening, nipple change or discharge, skin dimpling or redness, or ongoing breast pain.
Talk to us
If you have been told you have dense breasts, or you would like to talk about breast screening and your risk, our GPs at Samford Valley Medical Centre can help. Learn more about our women’s health services.
Book an appointment online or call us on (07) 3289 1712.
This article is general information only and is not a substitute for personalised medical advice. Please speak with your GP about your individual situation.
